White matter lesions (WMLs) are prevalent in nondemented aging and in Alzheimer disease (AD). Their relationship with cognition in the earliest stages of AD is unknown. Objective: To assess the relationship between WMLs and cognition in nondemented aging and in early-stage AD. Design: Cross-sectional study. Participants: Participants were nondemented (n=88) or had very mild (n = 48) or mild (n = 20) AD. Main Outcome Measures: Regression coefficients for deep WMLs and periventricular WMLs

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... ) as predictors of cognition, after controlling for age, educational achievement, brain atrophy, and infarctlike lesions. Results: White matter lesions were present in nonde-