The capability of controlling the deposition of layers of suitable materials with nanometric precision has allowed the realization of laser devices called quantum cascade lasers (QCL), which are able to operate in the terahertz (THz) region conventionally defined as the region of the electromagnetic spectrum with a wavelength between 30 μm and 1000 μm. This wavelength region is of considerable interest in various fields, from telecommunications to molecular spectroscopy. In this thesis work, we

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... have presented QCL for THz emission, focusing in particular on their designs, and the main applications of T-rays for biomedical imaging and for the detection of explosive substances due to their characteristics of being non-ionizing and low-power radiation sources.