Short-Term Preoperative High-Intensity Interval Training in Patients Awaiting Lung Cancer Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Marc Licker, Wolfram Karenovics, John Diaper, Isabelle Frésard, Frédéric Triponez, Christoph Ellenberger, Raoul Schorer, Bengt Kayser, Pierre-Olivier Bridevaux
2017 Journal of Thoracic Oncology  
Impairment in aerobic fitness is a potential modifiable risk factor for postoperative complications. In this randomized controlled trial, we hypothesized that a high-intensity interval training (HIIT) program enhances cardiorespiratory fitness before lung cancer surgery and therefore reduces the risk of postoperative complications. Methods: Patients with operable lung cancer were randomly assigned to usual care (UC) (n ¼ 77) or preoperative rehabilitation based on HIIT (Rehab) (n ¼ 74). Maximal
more » ... cardiopulmonary exercise testing and the 6-minute walk test were performed twice before surgery. The primary outcome measure was a composite of death and inhospital postoperative complications. Results: The groups were well balanced in terms of patient characteristics. During the preoperative waiting period (median 25 days), the peak oxygen consumption and the 6minute walking distance increased (median þ15%, interquartile range, 25th to 75 percentile [IQR25%-75%, %] ¼ þ9% to þ22%, p ¼ 0.003 and þ15%, IQR25%-75% ¼ þ8% to þ28%, p < 0.001, respectively) in the Rehab group, whereas peak oxygen consumption declined in the UC group (median -8%, IQR25%-75% ¼ -16% to 0%], p ¼ 0.005). The primary end point did not differ significantly between the two groups: at least one postoperative complication developed in 27 of the 74 patients (35.5%) in the Rehab group and 39 of 77 patients (50.6%) in the UC group (p ¼ 0.080). Notably, the incidence of pulmonary complications was lower in the Rehab compared with in the UC group (23% versus 44%, p ¼ 0.018), owing to a significant reduction in atelectasis (12.2% versus 36.4%, p < 0.001), and this decrease was accompanied by a shorter length of stay in the postanesthesia care unit (median -7 hours, IQR25%-75% ¼ -4 to -10). Conclusions: In this randomized controlled trial, preoperative HIIT resulted in significant improvement in aerobic performances but failed to reduce early complications after lung cancer resection.
doi:10.1016/j.jtho.2016.09.125 pmid:27771425 fatcat:3xh6iyg4krhrjhzpueryersfv4