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Jumping back and forth: anthropozoonotic and zoonotic transmission of SARS-CoV-2 on mink farms [article]

Bas B. Oude Munnink, Reina S. Sikkema, David F. Nieuwenhuijse, Robert Jan Molenaar, Emmanuelle Munger, Richard Molenkamp, Arco van der Spek, Paulien Tolsma, Ariene Rietveld, Miranda Brouwer, Noortje Bouwmeester-Vincken, Frank Harders (+10 others)
2020 bioRxiv   pre-print

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https://web.archive.org/web/20201108194546/https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2020/09/01/2020.09.01.277152.full.pdf

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The zoonotic origin of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is still unknown. Animal experiments have shown that non-human primates, cats, ferrets, hamsters, rabbits and bats can be infected by SARS-CoV-2. In addition, SARS-CoV-2 RNA has been detected in felids, mink and dogs in the field. Here, we describe an in-depth investigation of outbreaks on 16 mink farms and humans living or working on these farms, using whole genome sequencing. We conclude that the virus was initially introduced from humans and has
more » ... evolved, most likely reflecting widespread circulation among mink in the beginning of the infection period several weeks prior to detection. At the moment, despite enhanced biosecurity, early warning surveillance and immediate culling of infected farms, there is ongoing transmission between mink farms with three big transmission clusters with unknown modes of transmission. We also describe the first animal to human transmissions of SARS-CoV-2 in mink farms.
doi:10.1101/2020.09.01.277152 fatcat:jo3qjeg7zjbd7fh2g7pv6b34u4
Citation

Bas B. Oude Munnink, Reina S. Sikkema, David F. Nieuwenhuijse, Robert Jan Molenaar, Emmanuelle Munger, Richard Molenkamp, Arco van der Spek, Paulien Tolsma, Ariene Rietveld, Miranda Brouwer, Noortje Bouwmeester-Vincken, Frank Harders, Renate Hakze-van der Honing, Marjolijn C.A. Wegdam-Blans, Ruth Bouwstra, Corine GeurtsvanKessel, Annemiek van der Eijk, Francisca Velkers, Lidwien Smit, Arjan Stegeman, Wim H.M. van der Poel, Marion Koopmans. "Jumping back and forth: anthropozoonotic and zoonotic transmission of SARS-CoV-2 on mink farms." bioRxiv (2020)