One of the unique advantages of SOFCs over other types of fuel cells is the potential for direct utilization of hydrocarbon fuels (it may involve internal reforming). Unfortunately, most hydrocarbon fuels contain sulfur, which would dramatically degrade SOFC performance at parts-per-million (ppm) levels. Low concentration of sulfur (ppm or below) is difficult to remove efficiently and cost-effectively. Therefore, knowing the exact poisoning process for state-of-the-art anode-supported SOFCs

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... Ni-YSZ cermet anodes, understanding the detailed anode poisoning mechanism, and developing new sulfurtolerant anodes are essential to the promotion of SOFCs that run on hydrocarbon fuels.