Randomly allocating initial centroids may lead to undesired steady states for fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering. This paper proposes an alternative method to automatically search initial centroid location based on data density. Specifically, this method auto-searches points located in high-density domains as centroids using directed acycline graph (DAG) based algorithm, and then iteratively finding the optimal patterns. Compared with random initialization method, our method seems to have the

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... ial to improve FCM accuracy for larger data size with seconds' tradeoff in computational time using published datasets.