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From Slavery to Poverty: The Racial Origins of Welfare in New York, 1840–1918

Daniel J. Walkowitz
2012 Journal of American Ethnic History  

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doi:10.5406/jamerethnhist.31.2.0132 fatcat:7uwbwojynzh4leez47ytng7trm
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Daniel J. Walkowitz. "From Slavery to Poverty: The Racial Origins of Welfare in New York, 1840–1918." Journal of American Ethnic History 31.2 (2012) 132-133