When, Where, and What? Characterizing Personal PM2.5 Exposure in Periurban India by Integrating GPS, Wearable Camera, and Ambient and Personal Monitoring Data [component]

unpublished
25 Evidence identifying factors that influence personal exposure to air pollutants in low-and 26 middle-income countries is scarce. Our objective was to identify the relative contribution of 27 the time of the day (when?), location (where?), and individuals' activities (what?) to PM 2.5 28 personal exposure in peri-urban South India. We conducted a panel study in which 50 29 participants were monitored in up to six 24h sessions (n=227). We integrated data from 30 multiple sources: continuous
more » ... sonal and ambient PM 2.5 concentrations; questionnaire, GPS 31 and wearable camera data; and modeled long-term exposure at residence. Mean 24h personal 32 exposure was 43.8 µg/m 3 (SD 24.6) for men and 39.7 µg/m 3 (SD 12.0) for women. Temporal 33 patterns in exposure varied between women (peak exposure in the morning) and men (more 34 exposed throughout the rest of the day). Most exposure occurred at home: 67% for men and 35 89% for women, which was proportional to time spent in this location. Ambient daily PM 2.5 36 was an important predictor of 24h personal exposure for both genders. Among men, activities 37 predictive of higher hourly average exposure included presence near food preparation, in the 38 kitchen, in the vicinity of smoking, or in industry. For women, predictors of exposure were 39 largely related to cooking. 40
doi:10.1021/acs.est.8b03075.s001 fatcat:wwg2tapvlvb7jebqnhvq5w7ave