May 20,1 876.] THE BRITISH MEDICAL YOURNAL. 631 to other diseases, Dr. Sturges attempts to draw an analogy between acute rheumatism and pneumonia, in which we do not think he very well succee(ls; but this is, of course, only a speculative matter. He very clearly and emphatically points out, however, that pneumonia is no mere inflammation of the lung, although such inflammation be, so far as wve know, its essential local lesion. It is, on the contrary, a general disease, comparable to gout or

more »

... te rheumatism, erysipelas or quinsy, and its general character is slhown in the want of correlation between the local process and the pyrexia, in the constant involvement of the pleura, the definite changes in the blood and in the urine, the frequency witlh which pericarditis, nephritis, or jaundice are associated with it, as well as in the definiteness of its pyrexia course anid pathology already alluded to. 'We regret that space will not permit uIs to refer at length to the chapters on the relations of pneumonia to phthisis, and to other lung consolidations, nor to the judicious remarks on treatment. They are in good keeping with the rest of the volume, and we most heartily recommend our readers to make themselves acquainted with its pages. TINNITUS AURIUM: NOISES IN TIlE EARS. Second Edition, with Cases. By LAWRENCE TURNBULL, M.D. Philadelphia: Lippincott and Co. I875. IN this brochzre, the author, a well known aural suraeon of the centennial city, fully discusses a very distressing malady. He assigns nine causes for tinnitus aurium; namely, pressure of altered cerumen on the membrana tympani; elongation of the hairs in the external orifice of the auditory canal; adhesive mucus on the inner surface of the membrana tympani; a foreign body in the Eustachian tube; alteration in the calibre of some of the arteries in the vicinity of the ear, or else a diseased state of the blood, giving rise to lnoiscs synchronous witlh the action of the heart; nervouis tiniiitus, "in whiclh it is conjectured that there is iuiflammation, irritation, extravrasation, or disturbed circulation of b0lood in the labyrinth, cochlea, sendicircular canials, auditory nerve, or repeated lesions of the brnain"; immoderate contraction of the tenisor tympani muscle; patulous condition of the orifice of the Eustachian tube; and, lastly, the vegetable parasite aspergillus in the external meatus. It is unnecessary to dwell on those causes of tinnitus