Objective: To elucidate the effects of different sits fat removal on glucose and lipid metabolism in C57BL/6J mice. Methods: Animals were randomly divided into five groups. Subcutaneous fat removal (Sub-FR group), epididymis fat removal (Epi-FR group), subcutaneous and epididymis fats removal (WAT-FR group), subcutaneous and epididymis and brown fats removal (WAT+BAT-FR group). Sham group mice were performed all operations but retained all adipose tissue. All animals were fed on chow diet after

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... fat removal, and the plasma lipids and glucose levels were measured. Finally, liver and residual fats were collected, and the expression of genes and proteins related to lipid synthesis and metabolism were analyzed. Results: The plasma triglyceride level in WAT+BAT-FR group was significantly decreased than that in Sham group after overnight-fasting (P<0.05) and increased rapidly after refeeding (P<0.05). Compared with sham-operated group, cholesterol and triglyceride contents in livers were significantly increased (P<0.05) and insulin resistance was decreased in WAT+BAT-FR group (P<0.05). The expression of genes related to lipid synthesis and transport in livers were up-regulated (P<0.05), and the weight of residual retroperitoneal fat was significantly increased (P<0.05) in WAT+BAT-FR group compared with Sham group. However, no significant differences, such as plasma lipids level, lipids content and genes expression in liver, or weight of residual fats were observed in the other three fat removal groups compared with Sham group. Conclusion: Surgical removal of three sites adipose tissue but not one or two sits in healthy mice can lead to mild lipid metabolism disorder and insulin resistance.