Computational fluid dynamics is a powerful method for scale-up of reactors although it is still challenging to fully embrace hydrodynamics and biological complexities. In this article, an aerobic fermentation of Pichia pastoris cells is modeled in a batch OKTOP®9000 reactor. The 800 m 3 industrial scale reactor is equipped with a radial impeller, designed by Outotec Oy for gas dispersion in the draft tube reactor. Measured N p of the impeller is used in hydrodynamics validation. The resolved

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... rgy dissipation rate is compensated, and its influence on mass transfer is analyzed and discussed. Gas−liquid drag force is modified to simulate effects of liquid turbulence and bubble swarms. Resolved steady state multiphase hydrodynamics is used to simulate the fermentation process. Temporal evolution of species concentrations is compared to experimental data measured in a small copy of the reactor at lab scale (14 L). The effect of oxygenation on the P. pastoris cells cultivation is considered.