efficacy of suggestion (persuasion) in hypnosis if he had had the scientific erudition and experience of clinicians like Forel and was master of his subject. While empirical methods are sufficient in certain cases, many can only be touched by methods based on the special pathology of the disease. But whether or not empirical methods are efficient, it is the aim and object of scientific medicine to investigate the laws of disease and the principles underlying empirical procedures, to the end

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... the art of treatment may have a rational foundation.