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Cadmium Nephropathy and Smoking
2017
Clinical Medicine Insights Urology
Cadmium is a non-essential metal which because of its extensive use in industry and agriculture presents a worldwide health hazard. Long-term exposure to cadmium results in nephropathy characterised by interstitial nephritis affecting the renal tubules. In addition to occupational exposure, cadmium can contaminate food and water increasing the number of people at risk of developing chronic renal disease. It is now known that smoking is an independent risk factor for renal disease. The current
doi:10.1177/1179561117726090
fatcat:56ja5mz6jbbpxos6zq3lq5zlzq