A numerical investigation has been carried out for a range of flow and geometrical parameters in order to analyze the effect of transverse perforated baffles attached on the heated wall of rectangular duct on heat transfer and friction factor. An increase in heat transfer and friction loss over a smooth surface has been observed for duct having perforated baffles as a roughness element. Numerical results have been used to develop the Nusselt number and friction factor correlations as a function

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... of flow and geometrical parameters for predicting performance of the system having investigated the type of roughness elements.