We examined the possibility of diagnosing Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma (LCNEC) by cervical smear cytology. The study findings suggest that if a large number of consistent cytology characteristic features specific to LCNEC are observed in the specimen, such as salt and pepper chromatin, molding arrangement of the nuclei, rosette formation and palisade-like arrangement at the periphery of cell clumps, cytological diagnosis is possible.