Maternal Periodontal Disease is Associated with Oxidative Stress during Pregnancy

M. Hickman, Kim Boggess, Kevin Moss, James Beck, Steven Offenbacher
2010 American Journal of Perinatology  
We sought to determine if maternal periodontal disease is associated with oxidative stress as measured by serum 8-isoprostane. A secondary analysis was conducted using prospective data from the Oral Conditions and Pregnancy Study. Healthy women enrolled at <26 weeks' gestational age underwent oral examination and serum sampling. Maternal periodontal disease status was categorized as healthy, mild, or moderate to severe by clinical criteria. Maternal serum was analyzed for 8-isoprostane using
more » ... rasensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Elevated 8-isoprostane level was defined as ≥75th percentile. Maternal factors associated with elevated 8isoprostane were determined using chi-square or t test. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess association between elevated 8-isoprostane and maternal factors. Seven hundred ninetyone women had complete data. Median (interquartile) 8-isoprostane serum level was 1806 (16 to 81,870) pg/dL. Using bivariate analysis, maternal age, race, marital status, utilization of public assistance, and mild or moderate to severe periodontal disease were associated with elevated serum 8-isoprostane. Using logistic regression, moderate to severe periodontal disease (adjusted odds ratio 2.9, 95% confidence interval: 1.7 to 5.0) remained significantly associated with an elevated serum 8-isoprostane level. Maternal periodontal disease is associated with oxidative stress during pregnancy. Further study is needed to determine the role of maternal oxidative stress in periodontal disease-associated adverse pregnancy outcomes. Oxidative stress is characterized by a state of imbalance between free radicals and antioxidant defenses. Free radicals are produced endogenously as part of the oxidative burst of phagocyte activation, and they are encountered via exogenous production from sources such as cigarette smoke. When an excess production of reactive oxygen species is formed, oxidative stress ensues. A member of the isoprostane family, 8-isoprostane PGF 2α (8-iso),
doi:10.1055/s-0030-1268706 pmid:21082538 pmcid:PMC4414032 fatcat:pmttnrzxzzfapimuo5bceyu43u