Surgical outcome in children undergoing hypospadias repair under caudal epidural vs penile block

P Kundra, K Yuvaraj, K Agrawal, S Krishnappa, LT Kumar
2011 International Brazilian Journal of Urology  
Urological Survey 799 Editorial Comment This study though based on a cross-sectional survey with small patient numbers restraining its power, adds to the limited literature concerning clinically relevant fatigue (CRF) in men with biochemically controlled prostate cancer on long term GnRH-based ADT. The main findings were as follows: -CRF prevalence in the sample was 43% (95% CI 35% to 50%) and the difference in scores between those with and without CRF far exceeded the 20 points described as a
more » ... large' clinically significant; -CRF was associated with moderate/severe pain, depression, anxiety, concurrent co-morbidities and moderate/severe urinary symptoms but the only independent associations of CRF were depression and pain. Fatigue may be attenuated optimizing depression and pain treatments. Purpose: Botulinum toxin type A has gained popularity in urology. Most reported studies have been in adults at urology centers and most have addressed long-term safety. Since botulinum toxin type A treatment for neurogenic bladder dysfunction requires repeat injections, verifying that such treatment does not induce fibrosis in children seems essential.
doi:10.1590/s1677-55382011000600030 fatcat:fgqpss3vyzeuxjvjruaykw6mmy