Numerical simulations were performed using super-resolution images and barrel-distorted images to improve the viability of the authors' previous work regarding single-view-based ear biometrics. Empirical demonstrations show that, using barrel-distorted images and super-resolution images, accuracy decreases. However, our present proposed method for model normal vector creation applied to these images compensated for losses in accuracy. Furthermore, an experimental investigation of the influence

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... f earrings on results is included. The difference between the averaged rank between images of subjects with and without earrings at each input angle was found to be statistically insignificant.