Assessing and prioritising cost-effective strategies to mitigate the impacts of non-recurrent congestion on major roads, due to traffic incidents, represents a significant challenge for road network managers. In addition, traffic incidents impose significant unexpected changes in the travel time of travellers. Travel Time Reliability (TTR) has become one of the most important indicators of transport performance. In this regard, the impact of traffic incidents on TTR is crucial for both

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... and travellers. An extensive literature review indicated that there is a lack of I acknowledge that an electronic