Kayalvizhi, J. Radhika. Comparative evaluation of safety and efficacy of epidural bupivacaine with morphine and ketamine vs epidural bupivacaine with morphine alone for post-operative analgesia. IAIM, 2018; 5(4): 7-16. Source of support: Nil Conflict of interest: None declared. How to cite this article: Kayalvizhi, J. Radhika. Comparative evaluation of safety and efficacy of epidural bupivacaine with morphine and ketamine vs epidural bupivacaine with morphine alone for post-operative analgesia.

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... IAIM, 2018; 5(4): 7-16. Abstract Background: Adding a small-dose of ketamine provides better postoperative analgesia and reduces morphine consumption after major abdominal surgery. Psychomimetic effects are the most troubling side-effects of ketamine. Hence evaluation of the safety and efficacy of adding ketamine to epidural bupivacaine with morphine is the need of the hour. Materials and methods: The study was a randomized controlled trial conducted in the. Study on 60 subjects of ASA I and II category randomized into two groups undergoing elective abdominal surgeries was done. 30 subjects in the study group received ketamine 0.2 mg/kg in addition to epidural morphine 0.05 mg/kg with 0.125% bupivacaine alone received in the control group for post-operative analgesia. The subjects were monitored for 24 hours. Results: The mean time for onset of analgesia and median duration of analgesia was 6.10 ± 1.27 minutes, 13.73 ± 3.10 hours respectively in ketamine group (Group I) whereas it was 12.53 ± 2.08 minutes, 8.27 ± 1.08 hours respectively in the control group. There was no complication or ketamine related side effects in the ketamine group compared to one in the control group.