Today, social studies must consider how to create "deep learning" in "active" lessons. To cultivate critical thinking, judging the validity of existing societies has centered on social studies' "deep learning" in preceding research. Recently, there has been a study to cultivate critical thinking through a comparison of existing society with other alternatives. However, such a study is problematic in that students can't interpret social phenomena freely because only the teacher presents other

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... ernatives. To solve this problem, this study introduces an active social studies lesson with a communication activity to make students be the party concerned, creating various alternatives to compare existing societies through communication. This study proves that such active social studies' lessons can cultivate critical thinking through practicing the lesson. From this point of view, this study aimed at creating various agreements in class, based on social studies to cultivate the ability to make agreements in preceding research. The study extracted three lesson design points from the Diplomatic Negotiation Game INDEPENDENCE DAY, a "multi-table situation of making agreements", "visualization-arrangement-comparison" and "distinction between goal in activity and goal in forming recognition". The practice clarified the following three points. 1) The lesson was very fun for students. 2) Students realized the possibility of variety of agreement at that time. 3) This lesson can cultivate the ability to think critically through comparison with other alternatives.