The known early and late complications following splenectomy increase the tendency to preserve splenic tissue after splenic trauma. Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the safety and feasibility of auto-transplantation of splenic fragments in patients with severe splenic injury. Methods: Nineteen patients with severe splenic blunt trauma, who underwent total splenectomy and autotransplantation of splenic fragments at Besat hospital, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Iran

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... ng years 2015 and 2016, were enrolled in the study. Complete blood counts, blood smear for Howell-Jolly bodies, and phagocytic function tests were performed just before, at 3 months, and 6 months after surgery. Results: The means of red blood cell counts increased significantly at both 3 and 6 months after surgery (P = 0.01 and 0.049, respectively) and the means of hemoglobin, hematocrit, and the percentage of lymphocytes increased significantly at 3 months after surgery (P = 0.001, 0.046, and 0.01 respectively) while this increase was not significant 6 months after surgery (P = 0.52, 0.15, and 0.34, respectively). The Howell-Jolly bodies were present in 5 patients (26.3%) at 3 months after surgery, which was significantly reduced to 3 (15.8%), at 6 months after surgery (P = 0.042). The median of splenic phagocytic function significantly increased from 3 ± 1.2 hotspots (range = 2 to 6) at 3 months after surgery to 4 ± 1.4 (range = 2 to 8) at 6 months after surgery (P = 0.044). Conclusions: Auto-transplantation of splenic fragments may be feasible and safe and a suitable option for splenic tissue salvage in patients with severe splenic lesions, who require total splenectomy.