Type 2 diabetes mellitus, a chronic and complex disease. NLRP3 inflammasome plays an important role in the obesity induced inflammation and insulin resistance, and polymorphisms of NLRP3 may contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Here, we carried out a study to investigate the role of two SNPs of NLRP3 (rs10754558 and rs4612666) in the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in a Chinese population. This study comprised of 286 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 306 healthy

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... ontrol subjects. Genotyping of NLRP3 rs10754558 and rs4612666 was done using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Using unconditional logistic regression analysis, we observed that homozygous NLRP3 rs10754558 CC carriers demonstrated a significantly higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus in comparison to homozygous GG carriers, with an adjusted OR (95% CI) of 2.38 (1.53-3.97). Moreover, the C allele of NLRP3 rs10754558 was associated with an elevated risk of NLRP3 rs4612666 when compared to G allele (OR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.18-1.91). However, we observed no significant relationship between NLRP3 rs4612666 genetic polymorphisms and type 2 diabetes mellitus risk in the Chinese population. In summary, our study has shown that the polymorphism of NLRP3 rs10754558 is associated with high risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus.