Crustacean reproduction is controlled by number of hormonal and neuronal factors. The present investigation has been undertaken to observe the influence of β-estradiol hormone and eyestalk ablation on the ovarian maturation in relation to protein changes in the ovary and hepatopancreas of fresh water crab, Barytelphusa cunicularis. Protein levels were estimated by Lowry et al., (1951); Folin phenol reagent method and were calculated on dry weight basis and expressed as % mg. Base control crab

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... Base control crab ovaries showed (25.71%), experimental control (29.12 %), β-estradiol hormone injected (49.39 %) and eyestalk ablated crabs (53.58 %) protein levels. Whereas hepatopancreas showed (38.21 %), (36.11 %), (26.21 %) and (22.28 %) in base control, experimental control, β-estradiol hormone injected and eyestalk ablated crabs respectively. The studies showed that, administration of β-estradiol hormone indicated considerable changes in protein content in the ovary and hepatopancreas during ovarian maturation over base control and experimental control crabs. Moreover, Eyestalk ablated crabs showed significant increase in ovarian maturation over base control, experimental control and hormone treated crabs by elevating the mobilization of biochemical constituent(s) from hepatopancreas to the ovary indicating ovarian maturation in fresh water crab, Barytelphusa cunicularis. Such type of research will be helpful for understanding fundamentals of reproduction and enhancing crustacean aquaculture.