Transplacental teratogenesis or carcinogenesis has been known to occur both in human and animals following administration of drugs, hormones, and chemicals, or by viral infections and other causes. Epidemiological studies revealed close relationships between congenital carcinogenesis and neonatal or infantile deaths, between child cancer and congenital malformations, between chromosomal aberrations and either teratogenesis or carcinogenesis, between congenital immunodeficiency and

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... , and also between viral infections and either teratogenesis or carcinogenesis. Some chemicals have been known to possess either teratogenicity or carcinogenicity, or both. Diethylstilbestrol, one of nonsteroidal estrogens, was recently recognized as the first transplacental carcinogen in human. This hormone is also considered as a transplacental teratogen in human. Steroid hormones including oral contraceptives have been reported to be transplacental teratogens.