We report an interesting case of vasculitis in which the inflammatory lesion was limited to the peritracheobronchus. This case showed positive antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies, diffuse peritracheobronchial swelling, and vasculitis in its histology. Steroid therapy was effective for both roentgenological and serological findings. Although the biopsy specimen shows only inflammation and does not satisfy the WHOcriteria ofWegener's granulomatosis (WG), a possible diagnosis of WGshould not be disregarded. (Internal Medicine 33: 554-556, 1994)