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Genomic Landscape of Somatic Alterations in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Gastric Cancer

Nan Hu, Mitsutaka Kadota, Huaitian Liu, Christian C. Abnet, Hua Su, Hailong Wu, Neal D. Freedman, Howard H. Yang, Chaoyu Wang, Chunhua Yan, Lemin Wang, Sheryl Gere (+11 others)
2016 Cancer Research  

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Gastric cancer and esophageal cancer are the second and sixth leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. Multiple genomic alterations underlying gastric cancer and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) have been identified, but the full spectrum of genomic structural variations and mutations have yet to be uncovered. Here, we report the results of whole-genome sequencing of 30 samples comprising tumor and blood from 15 patients, four of whom presented with ESCC, seven with gastric
more » ... dia adenocarcinoma (GCA), and four with gastric noncardia adenocarcinoma. Analyses revealed that an A>C mutation was common in GCA, and in addition to the preferential nucleotide sequence of A located 5 prime to the mutation as noted in previous studies, we found enrichment of T in the 5 prime base. The A>C mutations in GCA suggested that oxidation of guanine may be a potential mechanism underlying cancer mutagenesis. Furthermore, we identified genes with mutations in gastric cancer and ESCC, including well-known cancer genes, TP53, JAK3, BRCA2, FGF2, FBXW7, MSH3, PTCH, NF1, ERBB2, and CHEK2, and potentially novel cancer-associated genes, KISS1R, AMH, MNX1, WNK2, and PRKRIR. Finally, we identified recurrent chromosome alterations in at least 30% of tumors in genes, including MACROD2, FHIT, and PARK2 that were often intragenic deletions. These structural alterations were validated using the The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset. Our studies provide new insights into understanding the genomic landscape, genome instability, and mutation profile underlying gastric cancer and ESCC development. Cancer Res; 76(7); 1714-23. Ó2016 AACR.
doi:10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-0338 pmid:26857264 pmcid:PMC4873357 fatcat:l5e34loxdrc6tewra3m4qtpg7y
Citation

Nan Hu, Mitsutaka Kadota, Huaitian Liu, Christian C. Abnet, Hua Su, Hailong Wu, Neal D. Freedman, Howard H. Yang, Chaoyu Wang, Chunhua Yan, Lemin Wang, Sheryl Gere, Amy Hutchinson, Guohong Song, Yuan Wang, Ti Ding, You-Lin Qiao, Jill Koshiol, Sanford M. Dawsey, Carol Giffen, Alisa M. Goldstein, Philip R. Taylor, Maxwell P. Lee. "Genomic Landscape of Somatic Alterations in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Gastric Cancer." Cancer Research 76.7 (2016) 1714-1723