The article describes the processes of transformation of the basic structures of technical systems into cyber-physical systems based on the introduction of innovations. A distinctive feature of cyber-physical systems is the direct penetration of methods and means of cybernetics into controlled physical processes in order to intellectualize the system and minimize the influence of the "human factor". The introduction of innovations occurs in conditions of insufficient information and is always

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... ion and is always associated with different types of uncertainty. Uncertainty disclosures are based on probabilistic models, fuzzy sets or using knowledge bases. The phased introduction of innovations allows for the reasonable allocation of resources. Basic structures are fundamental technological innovations, represented by functionally necessary and functionally sufficient structures of systems that control physical processes. The article describes the processes of transformation of the basic structures of systems into cyber-physical systems used in various physical environments -solid, liquid and gaseous. As examples, the automatic assembly line of printed circuit boards, the locating system for monitoring thermal networks by the method of monitoring insulation dampening, the system of catalytic neutralization of vehicle exhaust gases are considered. In these examples, the objects of activity are primary physical processes. An in-depth study of primary physical processes made it possible to obtain new informational possibilities for analyzing, interpreting and regulating the key parameters of the above systems based on computing resources.