Proportional share resource management provides a flexible and useful abstraction for multiplexing time-shared resources. However, previous proportional share mechanisms have either weak proportional sharing accuracy or high scheduling overhead. We present Group Ratio Round-Robin (GR3), a proportional share scheduler that can provide high proportional sharing accuracy with O(1) scheduling overhead. Unlike many other schedulers, a low-overhead GR3 implementation is easy to build using simple

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... structures. We have implemented GR3 in Linux and measured its performance against other schedulers commonly used in research and practice, including the standard Linux scheduler, Weighted Fair Queueing, Virtual-Time Round-Robin, and Smoothed Round-Robin. Our experimental results demonstrate that GR3 can provide much lower scheduling overhead and better scheduling accuracy in practice than these other approaches for large numbers of clients.