Abstrac t Syria's civil war, which began in 2011, has been dubbed one of the bloodiest conflicts of the twenty-first century. A multitude of institutional, regional, and global efforts and activities in the shape of peace proposals, negotiations, diplomatic peace initiatives, and mediations have been put in place in an attempt to end the war. The goal of this research is to look at these peace mechanisms and the elements that function as undercurrents and/or obstacles to their implementation.

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... claims that a variety of actors, interests, and goals obstruct diverse peace processes. Furthermore, the complex intertwining of internal and external influences is critical to the success of many conflict management programs. The problems faced by many peace processes include the sordid backstories and operations of hidden hands such as the United States and Russia using the war as a pawn to conduct proxy fights including Iran, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, and other entities. The conclusion is that, while a political solution is an appropriate vehicle for resolving the quagmire, the effect of foreign interests and complicated internal elements that have a negative impact on political diplomacy may persist for some time. As a result, if a political approach is to be effective, it must take into account and synergize the numerous domestic and exogenous interests.