In his latest work, Richard Nisbett explores past and contemporary constructions of intelligence, seeking to overturn the strong hereditarian positions of intelligence by meticulously considering the evidence for in-group and between group differences in IQ from a 'racial', cultural, and social perspective. Nisbett argues against the extreme hereditarian view – that nothing in the environment can much affect intelligence – arguing instead that intelligence is likely far more mutable than

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... arian authors allow. He subsequently navigates many of the social, cognitive, and educational interventions that stand to increase intelligence and academic achievement.