Based on the results of studying the frequency of clinical and laboratory symptoms single standard epidemiological estimate of pneumonia is designed to be possible to be used with respect to full term and preterm infants. Such estimate should include the presence of inflammatory reaction in the lung on chest radiograph and at least one of the symptoms such as apnea, wheezing, sputum. For term infants the leading risk factor for nosocomial pneumonia associated with neonatal departments at

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... n 's Hospital, was established to be a long-term (over 5 days) mechanical ventilation. For preterm newborns the risk factor for pneumonia, in addition, may be a history of respiratory distress syndrome, pneumopathy, intrauterine growth retardation, amniotic fluid aspiration and asphyxia at birth.