The article considers published historical documents related to the language and history of the nomadic peoples of Central Asia from the eighth to the eleventh centuries and preserved to this day. Such as Old Turkic scripts (runic), ancient Sogdian, Manichean texts. In 1974, a pillar written in ancient Sanskrit in the Brahmi alphabet was first discovered in Central Mongolia. Until 2017, the text of the column was not deciphered, and the inscription had been ignored for 43 years. In 2017, German

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... Sanskrit specialist Dieter Maue found the key to this text and published only transliteration (D. Maue,2017). Transliteration D. Maue was used by A. Vovin and L. Khurtsbatar presented the text as a document in the ancient Mongolian language. Unfortunately, their work was not crowned with success. The author of the article read the text in the ancient Turkic language using the Brahmi alphabet, reproduced and performed its historical and linguistic analysis. The text was written 1400 years ago.It provides information about historical events related to the First AncientTurkic Khaganate. There has been left reliable information about the fate and death of the leaders of the period when the First Ancient Jurassic Kaganate was divided into western and eastern. It considers two large rival groups on the Mongolian plateau, the Kipchaks and the main tribes of the Oguz group. At the same time, It informs about religion and paleoethnography.