Advantages and disadvantages of vegetarian nutrition
Prednosti i nedostaci vegetarijanske ishrane

Maja Nikolić, Miloš Jovanović, Katarina Nikolić
2019 Zdravstvena zastita  
_______ 51 SAŽETAK U modernom dobu najvažniji motivi za izbor vegetarijanstva su etički, zdravstveni, ekološki i hedonistički. Takođe, važnu ulogu imaju porodica i kulturološka tradicija. Većina radova ukazuje da se kod vegetarijanaca mnogo ređe javljaju kardiovaskularne i maligne bolesti, kao i dijabetes tip 2, u odnosu na nevegetarijance. Ovim načinom ishrane dolazi do redukcije telesne mase, hipertenzije i nivo LDLholesterola. Međutim, vegetarijanski način ishrane može biti povezan sa
more » ... jnim unošenjem omega-3 polinezasićenih masnih kiselina, proteina, kalcijuma, cinka, gvožđa, vitamina B12 i vitamina D. Zdravstveni radnici moraju poznavati vegetarijanstvo dovoljno dobro kako bi pravilno savetovali pacijente kod izbora ovakvog načina ishrane. U mnogim smernicama za pravilno sprovođenje vegetarijanstva, a naročito veganizma naglašena je potreba za fortifikovanim namirnicama, a ponekad i dijetetskim suplementima. Upravo zbog svega navedenog, cilj ovog rada je bio da se sagledaju prednosti i nedostaci vegetarijanstva. SUMMARY In the modern age, the most important motives for choosing vegetarianism are ethical, health, environmental and hedonistic. Family and cultural tradition also play an important role. Most studies indicate that cardiovascular and malignancies, as well as type 2 diabetes, are much less likely to occur in vegetarians than non-vegetarians. This diet leads to reduction of weight, hypertension and LDL cholesterol levels. However, the vegetarian diet may be associated with an insufficient intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, protein, calcium, zinc, iron, vitamin B12 and vitamin D. Health care professionals need to be familiar with vegetarianism well enough to properly advise patients on their dietary choices. Many guidelines for the proper conduct of vegetarianism, and in particular veganism, emphasize the need for fortified foods and sometimes dietary supplements. Because of all of the above, the aim of this paper was to analyse the advantages and disadvantages of vegetarianism.
doi:10.5937/zz1904051n fatcat:xgbelhi3ljgrbf2bypb77xzgfq