The article is devoted to the study of the Ilek River basin. The article gives a physical and geographical description of the basin territory. The article considers the hydrological regime of the Ilek River and its tributaries as a result of expeditionary observations in 2018-2019. The article presents results of chemical analyzes of surface water samples from key observation sites located along the perimeter of the river (study area). After two years of fact-finding, a surface water

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... was created to integrate data with published literature, for forecasting and modelling geo-environmental zoning. There are also described the main sources of pollution in the Ilek River, and factors in the formation of anthropogenic geosystems. The scientific article also describes the main sources of pollution of the Ilek River, lists the factors of the formation of anthropogenic geosystems.