In collaboration with the Houston Department of Health and Human Services, the authors implemented and evaluated a urine-based chlamydia screening program in incarcerated youth in Harris County, Texas, and assessed predictor variables for infection. Goal: To implement and evaluate chlamydia screening in incarcerated youth. Study Design: The authors determined prevalence of chlamydial infection, treatment rates, and predictor variables in 589 youth and repeated the measures 6 months later in 975

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... additional youth. Results: Initially, the prevalence of infection was 9.6% in males and 28.1% in females; 88% of infected youth were treated while incarcerated. White males had a significantly lower prevalence of chlamydial infection; however, consistent condom use was not associated with a lower prevalence of chlamydia. In the 6-month assessment of chlamydia prevalence in 975 youth, prevalence and treatment rates remained high and predictor variables were similar. Conclusion: The authors instituted a screening program for chlamydial infection in incarcerated youth that was performing well at reassessment 6 months later.