Pharmacy counseling, which provides quality drug information, improves patient safety. However, this service is not optimally provided in Indonesia. A new model, modified pharmacy counseling (MPC), was developed to make it easier for service providers. We aimed to measure MPC effectiveness in improving short-term antibiotic compliance. This community trial (ISRCTN82062391) involved patients (age, ≥18 years) recruited from selected pharmacies between December 2020 and February 2021 in two Bali

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... ovince districts. At baseline, data regarding sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge levels, and attitudes toward antibiotic use were collected. MPC effectiveness was assessed using Morisky medication adherence scale-8. Of 300 recruited patients, 290 participated (response rate, 96.67%). The baseline study revealed that knowledge regarding short-term antibiotic use is lacking; however, awareness regarding antimicrobial resistance is high. MPC significantly improved short-term antibiotic compliance (risk ratio, 2.849; 95% confidence interval, 1.904-6.640; p<0.001). The mean rank significantly differed between the intervention (61.05) and control groups (37.95). The proportions of compliant patients in the intervention and control groups were 35.6% and 12.5%, respectively. The main reason for low compliance was forgetting and not being made aware by pharmacy workers in the intervention (46.8%) and control (55.6%) groups, respectively. These findings provide insights for improving pharmaceutical care.