Tension tests were conducted on four different types of cast-in-place inserts, including both wire-formed and bolt-type inserts, to investigate their behavior under conditions present in prestressed concrete bridge girders. The effects of parameters such as the level of axial compression, reinforcement details, limited edge distance, and interaction of double inserts on the behavior of the inserts were studied. Concrete breakout failures occurred in the majority of the specimens. Concrete

more »

... ut capacities mea sured for the unreinforced specimens corresponded closely to the breakout capacities predicted by AC! 318-05 equations for cracked concrete. Specimens with ioop inserts exhibited stable and ductile beha v br as a result of extensive plastic deformation of the insert. The other three types of inserts exhibited larger tensile load capacities than the ioop inserts in the reinforced specimen. However, they did not have as much ductility. The behavior of the loop inserts was not significantly influenced by the test variables studied; the behavior of specimens with the other three types of inserts varied depending mainly on the reinforcement details. ast-in-place, wire-formed inserts have been widely used in precast, prestressed concrete members to fa cilitate connections between elements. One particular example of their application is connecting cast-in-place con crete diaphragms and floor beams to precast concrete girders in bridges. As the only connection between the diaphragm and the girders, behavior of the bridge system under vertical and lateral loads is dependent on the behavior of these inserts. Despite their important role in transferring loads between 88 PCI JOURNAL