Electromagnetic force density in dissipative isotropic media

A Shevchenko, M Kaivola
2011 Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics  
We derive an expression for the macroscopic force density that a narrow-band electromagnetic field imposes on a dissipative isotropic medium. The result is obtained by averaging the microscopic form for Lorentz force density. The derived expression allows us to calculate realistic electromagnetic forces in a wide range of materials that are described by complex-valued electric permittivity and magnetic permeability. The three-dimensional energy-momentum tensor in our expression reduces for
more » ... ess media to the so-called Helmholtz tensor that has not been contradicted in any experiment so far. The momentum density of the field does not coincide with any well-known expression, but for non-magnetic materials it matches the Abraham expression.
doi:10.1088/0953-4075/44/6/065403 fatcat:zh3qobyipfdp5mvl42p3harg2m