Mainstreaming of Health Governance into Disaster Risk Reduction
Abul Azad
2017
Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management
unpublished
The world is now at a binary position which is not only suffering from non-communicable diseases, but communicable diseases have also aggravated health problems in developing world. Though the policy makers are more concern about the development of new policies related to emerging and unpredictable health problems, but health polices has become an unfinished agenda due to emerging disasters and unanticipated health problems in the last decade. Frequent disasters have also added a new dimension
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... n health sectors. Emergency situation that arise out of disasters and hazards, affects fundamental requirements for healthcare services which it affects directly or indirectly human health, as during emergency disasters and its impacts on health are very multifarious and diverse in nature. Recent studies reveal that though Bangladesh have achieved expected results in fertility and mortality and age at marriage, it is still an unpredictable health performer due to high level of malnutrition, high population density (around 160 million) and low achievement in some basic health indicators as per 6th Five-year plan. Despite a remarkable achievement in Millennium Development Goal (MDG) 4 in child mortality and maternal mortality reduction goals MDG-5, the country still suffers from the highest health risks such as diarrhea, cholera, typhoid, skin diseases, sexual and reproductive health related problems for women and adolescent etc. because of increasing frequency of disasters in the last decade and poverty remains high which is 49.6 percent of the population still subsists on less than US $1.25 per day (World Bank, 2011). According to a World Bank report (2008), health is the most important shock that happens to Bangladeshis accounting for 22% of all shocks. Furthermore, because of destroying health care services the affected people cannot get their minimum health requirement. Apart from this, due to non-availability of safe drinking water, sometimes under compulsion they drink polluted and saline water and they suffer from various water borne diseases and other diseases like skin, itching, sore, genital problems, eye problem etc. As part of performing their daily household chores the women bear additional workload which not only creates extra burden, also make many women's severe health hazards. The women in disaster affected areas often suffer from reproductive health related problems as well. They are also experiencing with itching or irritation in the vaginal area with discharge related problem, genital sore or ulcer, bad odor along with a discharge and severe abdominal pain with, physical weakness, headache and irregular menstruation during and post emergency situations. Though different GOs, INGOs and NGOs are working in the area of disaster risk reduction, health sector is still at high risk because of giving less importance on it compared to other sectors. Patience health sector is an important determinant of disaster risk reduction to achieve the goals of MDGs. It is mentionable, these have become more ineffective during and post emergency period because of destroying health facilities and communication system by frequent disasters. In emergency situation these health services provided by different service providers are not remarkable. Therefore,
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