The postoperative course was evaluated in 49 ears with chronic suppurative otitis media with special reference to the bacteriological findings. 1) Before operation, 67 strains were isolated from 49 specimens. The most frequently isolated species was Pseudomonas aeruginosa (26. 9%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (23. 9%). 2) Thirty to fifty per cent of the strains of Pseudomonas aerusinosa were resistant to CBPC, CPZ, TOB, DKB and AMK, and most of them showed low sensitivity to MIND, PPA and

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... FOM. 3) Although the aural discharge was controlled in 72. 2% of all the cases of Peudomonas infection by preadministration of antibiotics, the operative findings revealed that the infection of the middle ear cavity was not eradicated in 88. 9% of them. 4) The postoperative course was uneventful, and the results were satisfactory in all ears, regardless of the presence or absence of infection. 5) It was concluded that the surgical eradication of infected foci is extremely important to control middle ear infection.