MMORPGs [3] are big business; large numbers of people engage in some form of online gaming experience. Given the prevalence of such virtual spaces there is an increasing awareness that disputes can, and often, do arise about property and rights in online games. Online games and MMORPGs are governed by EULAs. Each user is required to consent to the EULA of the particular game or world they seek to use. EULAs are not the only problem for the users of MMORPGs. Contractual allocation of copyright

more »

... events users selling their in-game property, game accounts and avatars to other users. Users had sought to sell game accounts and in-game assets on online auction sites until developers prevented gamers from doing so. Gaming and MMORPG disputes are appearing before courts in the real world; Bragg v Linden Labs, [4] BlackSnow v Mythic [5] and Hernandez v IGE [6] are just three examples concerning property rights and contractual issues in Virtual Worlds and MMORPGs. There are a host of legal issues raised in relation to properties and rights in cyber spaces, although the most interesting concern the contractual nature of restricted rights and the limitations on intellectual property granted to users. This paper seeks to explore some of these, and briefly outline the potential options for alternative mechanisms, including consideration of the intellectual property rights of both users and developers in light of the recent US judgement in MDY Industries v Blizzard Entertainment [7]concerning copyright infringement. Equally, for online games, the in-game creations such as avatars, properties and items may also be protected by copyright. Again, the literary work categorisation will protect them. Under the terms of the contractual agreement, the in-game creations will not necessarily belong to the user who controls them. Most standard contractual agreements indicate that users are not entitled to property rights. [21] Therefore, the copyright system protects the game developers' interest in the software, and contract takes away any interest the users may have in the creations in-game. This is obviously far from a perfect situation for users and creators.