MouseZic1Is Involved in Cerebellar Development

Jun Aruga, Osamu Minowa, Hiroyuki Yaginuma, Junko Kuno, Takeharu Nagai, Tetsuo Noda, Katsuhiko Mikoshiba
1998 Journal of Neuroscience  
Fig. 8.1 Median section (a) and detail (b) of human cerebellum (courtesy Gerard van Noort, Enschede) Purkinje cells (Leclerc et al. 1990 ). In the human cerebellum, no clear arrangement of zebrin I-stained Purkinje cells was found (Plioplys et al. 1985) . Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) histochemistry is a useful marker for the delineation of parasagittal compartments in the cerebellum of adult mammals (Marani and Voogd 1977; Hess and Voogd 1986; The borders between compartments are selectively
more » ... ned with AChE and this staining is especially distinct in monkeys ( Fig. 8.4 ). Major Fibre Connections Afferent and efferent fibre connections of the cerebellum pass through the cerebellar peduncles. The pedunculus cerebellaris inferior or corpus restiforme contains cerebellar afferents: the tractus spinocerebellaris posterior and the fibrae cuneocerebellares from the spinal cord, trigeminocerebellar fibres from sensory trigeminal nuclei, olivocerebellar fibres and vestibulocerebellar fibres. The pedunculus cere-bellaris medius or brachium pontis is formed by the massive pontocerebellar system. The pontine nuclei are innervated by the cerebral cortex via two tracts: the frontopontine tract from the frontal lobe, motor and premotor areas in particular, and the parietotemporo-occipitopontine tract, particularly arising in the somatosensory areas and the adjacent area 5. The pedunculus cerebellaris superior contains the tractus spinocerebellaris anterior and the main efferent system of the cerebellum, i.e. the brachium conjunctivum. The cerebellar nuclei are the output centres of the cerebellum. The targets of these nuclei differ considerably. The dentate and interposed nuclei mainly innervate the thalamus and the red nucleus, and control corticospinal and rubrospinal projections (Fig. 8.5 ). The fastigial nucleus and the nucleus of Deiters control the reticulospinal and vestibulospinal projections (Fig. 8.6 ). The subdivision of descending supraspinal pathways into lateral and medial systems (Chap. 6) is therefore also found in the cerebellar control system. The dentate nucleus also has important feedback loops to the cerebellum through the 8.2 Some Notes on the Anatomy of the Cerebellum 311 Fig. 8.4 Transverse, acetylcholinesterase-stained section of the anterior cerebellar lobe of the macaque monkey, showing the modular organization of the cerebellum. A, B, C 1 , C 2 , C 3 , D 1 , D 2 , X longitudinal zones, bc brachium conjunctivum, cr corpus restiforme,IntA nucleus interpositus anterior,m midline.(Kindly provided by Jan Voogd, Oegstgeest) Fig. 8.5 Connections of the dentate and interposed nuclei.bc brachium conjunctivum, cosp corticospinal tract, C 1 , C 2 , C 3 , D longitudinal zones,DE dentate nucleus,E emboliform nucleus, G globose nucleus, NRTP nucleus reticularis tegmenti pontis, Rm magnocellular part of red nucleus, Rp parvocellular part of red nucleus, rusp rubrospinal tract, thal thalamus, vm vermis, 4 primary motor cortex, 6 premotor cortex. (After Voogd 1995)
doi:10.1523/jneurosci.18-01-00284.1998 pmid:9412507 fatcat:o4e6ang4yzb37fqc4ls4sbqisi