The paper starts from the analysis of the growing gap between traditional Chinese bibliography and modern academic development, and it will probe into the original intention of the distribution of Chinese catalogue cards of National Library of Peiping, namely the underlying motivation for Yuan Tung-Li's modern catalogue idea. Next, it depicts National Library of Peiping's early attempts, its active participation in the American academic circles as well as the compilation and distribution of

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... ese catalogue cards with the support of the Rockefeller Foundation. Lastly, this study also discusses National Library of Peiping's influence upon the arrangement and categorization of the Chinese collection in American libraries.