Objective: to study changes in the cross sectional optic nerve diameter (OND), by using multislice computed tomography (MSCT), in patients with mild traumatic brain injury (TBI), as well as those with severe (including mixed) TBI before and after craniotomy; to assess whether this technique can be integrated with a whole-body MSCT protocol in severe mixed TBI (MTBI).Material and methods. OND was retrospectively studied in two selected groups of patients with injuries (a total of 51 patients):

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... oup 1 (n = 40) included 2 subgroups (n = 20 in each) with mild TBI or severe MTBI; Group 2 (n = 11) comprised 2 subgroups with severe TBI who had undergone decompressive (n = 6) or osteoplastic (n = 5) craniotomy with subsequent OND measurement after 12–18 hours. Results. Primary brain MSCT showed that the average OND was 6.12±1,01 mm in severe MTBI and 4.4±0.19 mm in mild TBI (Student's t = 5.707). After decompressive craniotomy, there was a decrease in OND from 6.26±0.27 to 5.38±0.22 mm (Student's t = 2.486).Conclusion. Among the patients with severe MTBI, the OND at primary MSCT is significantly greater than that in patients with mild TBI, which may be due to elevated intracranial pressure, as shown by the literature data. There is a statistically significant decrease in OND after decompressive craniotomy and removal of the brain compressive factor. Whole-body MSCT revealed no technical obstacles to the application of an OND measurement technique.