and Objectives:Adenotonsillecotmy is the most commonly recommended for pediatiric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The clinical improvement after surgery had been suggested on previous studies, which looked at only very short time follow-up. We aimed to study long-term changes in polysomnography (PSG) after adenotonsillectomy for OSA in children. Subjects and Method:Nine children (age range 3 to 13) who had macroscopic adenotonsillar hypertrophy and a respiratory disturbance index (RDI) greater

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... an 1 on preoperative PSG were enrolled in this study and underwent adenotonsillectomy. All children underwent preoperative and postoperative PSG at 3 months and 12 months after surgery. In addition, the caregivers for each child were asked to check attention deficit hyperactivity disorder rating scale-IV (ADHD RS-IV) before, 3 months and 12 months after surgery. Scores from preoperative and postoperative PSG and ADHD RS-IV were compared using the paired sample t-test. Results:Mean of RDI and apnea index improved significantly in postoperative 3 months and 12 months (p<0.05). About 67% (6 of 9) patients had RDI lesser than 1 in postoperative 3 months. However, 12 months later, 44% (4 of 9) children had RDI lesser than 1. ADHD RS-IV score showed significant improvement in postoperative 3 months and 12 months (p<0.05). Conclusion:This study suggests that adenotonsillectomy is effective in the treatment of childhood OSA. And the effects of adenotonsillecotmy on pediatric OSA are maintained at least 12 months.