Smartphones have become a revolution within the last years. The increase of the computing and communication capacity of these devices allows them to perform a wide range of tasks. Newer PDAs (eg, iPhone, Treo, Palm T/X, HP iPAQ) access the Internet to download files, retrieve information, and update software programs directly on the device without having to connect to a desktop or laptop computer. cellular wireless networks location management is an important mechanism that enables the network

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... o discover the current attachment point of a mobile so as to facilitate successful information delivery.