Evaluating a Web-Based Self-Management Intervention in Heart Failure Patients: A Pilot Study

Nazli Bashi, Carol Windsor, Clint Douglas
2016 JMIR Research Protocols  
Hypertension (especially systolic hypertension). Patients tend to be female and elderly. This cause now represents 40-50% of all hospital admissions for CHF. CHD, which may lead to impaired myocardial relaxation. Diabetes-men with diabetes are twice as likely to develop heart failure than men without diabetes, and women with diabetes are at a fivefold greater risk than women without diabetes. These differences persist after taking into account age, blood pressure, weight, cholesterol and known
more » ... oronary artery disease. Myocardial ischaemia is very common in diabetes and is aggravated by hyperglycaemia, as well as concomitant hypertension and hyperlipidaemia. However, diabetes is additionally associated (independent of ischaemia) with interstitial fibrosis, myocyte hypertrophy and apoptosis, as well as both autonomic and endothelial dysfunction, all of which may contribute to the diabetic cardiomyopathic state. 16 Less common causes Valvular disease, particularly aortic stenosis. Uncommon causes Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy-most cases are hereditary. Restrictive cardiomyopathy, either idiopathic or secondary to infiltrative disease, such as amyloidosis. > 7 Class II Slight limitation of physical activity. Ordinary physical activity results in fatigue, palpitation, dyspnoea or angina pectoris (mild CHF). 5 Class III Marked limitation of physical activity. Less than ordinary physical activity leads to symptoms (moderate CHF). 2-3 Class IV Unable to carry on any physical activity without discomfort. Symptoms of CHF present at rest (severe CHF). 1.6 * MET (metabolic equivalent) is defined as the resting VO 2 for a 40-year-old 70 kg man. 1 MET = 3.5 mL O 2 /min/kg body weight.
doi:10.2196/resprot.5093 pmid:27324213 pmcid:PMC4932245 fatcat:o4ryndsjqzdvndwcbknzbkhd2e