International investment agreements ("IIAs") provide enforceable protections to foreign investors in order to stimulate investment flows and therefore sustainable development. However, as understandings of both the effectiveness of these agreements as well as the effects of investment and investment governance on sustainable development have evolved, it is not clear that IIAs as currently designed are fit for that purpose. This article examines the alignment of IIAs with the 2030 Sustainable

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... elopment Agenda. It develops this examination in three ways. First, it proposes that IIAs should be designed and evaluated with respect to their ability to promote investments that advance sus-* Lise Johnson is the Investment Law and Policy Head at the Columbia Center on Sustainable Investment ("CCSI"). Her work at CCSI centers on analyzing investment treaties and treaty-based investor-state arbitrations, and examining the implications those instruments and cases have for host countries' domestic policies and sustainable development strategies. In addition, she concentrates on key institutional and procedural aspects of the investment law framework, including efforts to increase transparency in and legitimacy of investor-state dispute settlement. She has a B.A. from Yale University, a J.D. from the University of Arizona, an LL.M. from Columbia Law School, and is admitted to the bar in California.