Urethrocutaneous fistulas following hypospadias correction are one of the most prevalent hypospadias surgical complications. Hypospadias is one of the most frequent congenital malformations, with an almost universal upward trend over time. Aim of the study: We aim to review the rate of urethrocutaneous fistula (UCF) formation after the repair of hypospadias in children and try to analyze the possible risk factors for its formation. Patients and Methods: A total of 316 cases who underwent

more »

... dias surgery between February 2015 and December 2020 were included in this retrospective research. 246 children were followed up on for more than 6 months in our report. The child's age at the time of the hypospadias operation, the location of the hypospadias, the presence of chordae, the type of operation, the type of sutures and techniques, the approaches and period of catheter use after hypospadias operation, splint size, the level of experience of the participating surgeon, post-operative complications, presentation time of the fistula, size of fistula, the fistulae number, and the position of fistula were all potential risk factors. Results: Following hypospadias surgery, 49 children out of 246 developed urethrocutaneous fistulae (19.8%, 49/246). The type of hypospadias (P-0.006) and the nature of hypospadias operation (P-0.766) were found associated with the formation of the fistula in the univariate analysis. The hypospadias site only was a significant risk factor in the formation of fistulae after the surgery of hypospadias in the multivariate analysis (p< 0.001). Conclusion: After hypospadias correction, the likelihood of urethrocutaneous fistula formation is related to the site of hypospadias (greater in the proximal hypospadias). The type of hypospadias procedure, the suture utilized, and the method used were not linked to the formation of fistulae.